
Sója
(glycine max, soy, japonsky daidzu)
Sója je strukovina z východnej Ázie, hojne pestovaná v potravinárstve (lacné proteíny, olej). Okrem izoflavonoidov obsahuje tiež zdraviu prospešné saponíny.
Hlavné bioaktívne zložky
- izoflavonoidy: daidzein, genistein
o ich účinku viď kapitola izoflavonoidy. - kyselina fytová (inositol-hexafosfát = zásobáreň fosfóru v rastlinách), kyselina alfa-linolénová (omega-3 základní NMK = nenasýtená mastná kyselina) a saponíny (znižujú cholesterol, chemoprevencia, imunomodulácia, antioxidans).
Medicínsky súhrn
Sójové izoflavonoidy sú najčastejšie používané a najpreskúmanejšie izoflavonoidy na menopauzálne ťažkosti a existuje rad štúdií potvrdzujúcich pozitívny účinok na tieto symptómy.
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…existujú aj porovnávacie štúdie (11994) sójových izoflavonoidov (54mg daidzeinu/d) s konvenčnými estrogénmi (1mg 17-beta estradiolu/d), kde daidzein znižoval výskyt návalov o 22-29% oproti 53% u estrogénov a tiež štúdie, kde bol efekt sójových izoflavonoidov (60mg/d) porovnateľný s efektom konjugovaných estrogénov (Premarin 0,625 mg/d): (13209)
Nie všetky štúdie vychádzali pozitívne – nejednoznačné výsledky však vždy boli spojené s nižšou dávkou sójových izoflavonoidov – pokiaľ bola denná dávka daidzeinu aspoň 15mg, efekty sa vždy dostavili.